Assistant professor, Department of Biochemistry, Mamata Medical College, Khammam, Andhra Pradesh

Associate professor, Department of Biochemistry, Navodaya Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Raichur, Karnataka

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ADA ,Tuberculosis ,Diabetes ,HIV ,

Tuberculosis (TB) in association with Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and HIV has been closely linked. Worldwide, in recent decades, tuberculosis has increasingly become a problem in low-income countries, particularly those with HIV epidemics, and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) has emerged as a growing worldwide chronic health condition, as a consequence of increases in obesity, changing patterns of diet and physical activity, and aging populations. TB is the most common opportunistic infection affecting HIV-seropositive individuals, and it remains the cause of death in patients with AIDS. Although many methods are available for the diagnosis of TB, due to their sensitivity and specificity of the test, an alternate and more accurate method is always in search. Many studies have confirmed the high sensitivity and specificity of Adenosine deaminase (ADA) for early diagnosis of extrapulmonary TB, such as tuberculous pleuritis, pericarditis and meningitis. The aimed of the present study was to review the characteristics, its’ metabolism and clinical uses of ADA, and to evaluate ADA activity in TB patients with DM and HIV / AIDS. The results of the present study showed Serum ADA values were higher in various study groups of HIV and DM when compared with Healthy Controls groups and is statistically significant (P<0.0001). Our results have also shown that, exaggerated serum ADA values in diabetes with pulmonary tuberculosis. This study hypothesizes that increased ADA activity may be due to altered immunity. Therefore, ADA may serve as an immunoenzyme marker in the aetio-pathology of type 2 DM

3 , 2 , 2013